Ịghọta Ọdịiche Dị n'etiti Carbon Steel na Alloy Steel
Nkọwa nke Carbon Steel na Alloy Steel
Steel, dị ka anyị niile maara, bụ okwu izugbe maka ígwè-carbon alloys. Carbon ígwè (nke a na-akpọ carbon steel) bụ ígwè-carbon alloy nwere ọdịnaya carbon na-erughị 2.11%. N'ihe mejupụtara kemịkal ya, na mgbakwunye na ígwè na carbon, e nwekwara oke adịghị ọcha dị ka silicon, manganese, phosphorus, na sọlfọ, ọ dịghịkwa ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme ka a na-ekekọta ihe.
Ihe mmepụta nke carbon steel na-eme ihe dị ka 80% nke ngụkọta nchara, a na-ejikwa ya na-ewu, àkwà mmiri, ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri, mmepụta ígwè, ụlọ ọrụ, petrochemicals, mmepe mmiri na ubi ndị ọzọ.
Alloy steel bụ ígwè nwere otu ma ọ bụ karịa ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ihe ndị ọzọ na-agbakwunye na carbon steel, dị ka chromium, nickel, tungsten, titanium, vanadium, manganese, ọla kọpa, aluminom, molybdenum, wdg, iji mee ka ụfọdụ ihe dị iche iche nke ígwè dịkwuo elu. A na-agbakwunye ihe ndị a kemịkalụ n'ụdị dị iche iche / ngwakọta iji nye ihe ahụ mmetụta dị iche iche, dị ka ịba ụba ike, imeziwanye nguzogide corrosion, ịkwalite ike, imeziwanye ọdịdị, na-agbanwe weldability, wdg.
Ihe mmepụta nke alloy steel na-eme ihe dị ka 20% nke ngụkọta nchara nchara ma na-ejikwa ya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka mmepụta ígwè, petrochemicals, ewu, kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị, ngwa ahụike, eriri sịntetik, njem njem, wdg.
Nkewa nke Carbon Steel na Alloy Steel
- Nkewa nke carbon ígwè
Dabere na ọdịnaya carbon, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime: obere carbon steel, ọkara carbon steel, elu carbon steel; na elu carbon ọdịnaya, elu na ike ike na ala na ike.
Igwe carbon dị ala: ọdịnaya carbon C%≤0.25%. Igwe carbon dị ala nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-agụnye A3 ígwè, Q215A ígwè, Q235 ígwè, 20 # ígwè, 22 # ígwè, wdg.
Ọkara carbon ígwè: carbon ọdịnaya 0.25% Igwe ikuku carbon a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-agụnye 35 # ígwè, 45 # ígwè, wdg.
Elu carbon ígwè: carbon ọdịnaya C% ~ 0.45%, elu carbon ígwè bụ isi anaghị eji rụpụta fasteners na ahịa, n'ihi na nke elu carbon ọdịnaya, ike na kenkuwa ihe onwunwe, mfe imebi.
- Nkewa nke alloy ígwè
Dị ka ngụkọta ọdịnaya nke ihe alloy, ọ na-ekewa n'ime: obere alloy ígwè, ọkara alloy ígwè, elu alloy ígwè, na dị iche iche alloy ọdịnaya na mejupụtara, na dị iche iche arụmọrụ.
Obere alloy ígwè: mkpokọta alloy ọdịnaya ≤5%;
Ọkara alloy ígwè: 5% mkpokọta alloy ọdịnaya ≤10%
High alloy ígwè: alloy ọdịnaya -10%.
Alloy alloy steels eji eme fasteners gụnyere: 30CrMo, 40Cr, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, wdg.
Njirimara nke Carbon Steel na Alloy Steel
- Njirimara nke carbon ígwè
Ọrụ nke ígwè carbon na-adabere na ọdịnaya carbon ya. Ọdịnaya nke carbon dị elu, ike na ike na-adị elu, yana plasticity dị ala, ike siri ike na weldability.
Uru: ezigbo plasticity na weldability; ọnụ ala dị ọnụ ala, dị mfe ịgbaze; ezigbo teknụzụ nhazi; enwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ site n'ịgbanwe ọdịnaya carbon ma ọ bụ gbanwee usoro nhazi;
Ihe ọghọm: ike na-adịghị mma; adịghị ike hardenability; ezughị oke nguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala; obere nguzogide corrosion; obere conductivity magnetik; dị mfe magnetized na oghere magnetik.
- Njirimara nke alloy ígwè
Ihe dị iche iche alloy agbakwunyere nwere ihe dị iche iche.
Uru: ezigbo arụmọrụ zuru oke; dị maka ebumnuche pụrụ iche; ike dị elu na elu siri ike; ezigbo hardenability, adịghị mfe deform na mgbawa; na-eyi nguzogide, nguzogide corrosion, obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na-abụghị magnetik, wdg;
Ihe ọghọm: ọnụ; usoro ịkpụzi ihe mgbagwoju anya na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ.
Ojiji nke Carbon Steel na Alloy Steel
- Ojiji nke carbon ígwè
A na-ejikarị ígwè carbon arụ ọrụ dị iche iche nke ụlọ, igbe, igbe, ozu ọkụ na ígwè ọrụ ugbo, obere akụkụ ndị na-ebu ibu, ndị na-asa ihe, ntụtụ akwa, eriri tie, stamping na akụkụ welded, wdg.
Carbon ígwè a na-eji emepụta ihe nkedo
Q215A ígwè kwesịrị ekwesị maka nrụpụta washers;
Q235 ígwè dabara adaba maka imepụta bolts, mkpụrụ, ịghasa aka uwe, cotter pin, rivets, wdg, na-akasị eji maka ngwaahịa na-enweghị siri ike chọrọ dị ka 4.8-ọkwa bolts, 4-ọkwa mkpụrụ, na obere skru;
35 # ígwè na 45 # ígwè bụ nke elu-edu carbon ígwè Ọdịdị, na-akasị eji emepụta 8.8-ọkwa bolts, 8-ọkwa mkpụrụ na 8.8-ọkwa hexagon fasteners.
- Ojiji nke alloy ígwè
Enwere ike iji ígwè na-emepụta akụkụ maka ụgbọ njem dị ka ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri, na ụgbọ elu; akụkụ maka ngwaọrụ igwe, rọketi, akụ, wdg; na imepụta ihe dị iche iche na-akpụ akpụ, ihe eji egbutu ihe, ihe eji atụ ihe, isi iyi, ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na oyi, ihe na-akpụ akpụ, isi iyi, ngwá ọrụ, wdg.
A na-eji ya eme ihe n'oge pụrụ iche, gburugburu na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na corrosion, dị ka turbines uzuoku, boilers, chemical equipment, etc.
Alloy ígwè eji arụ ọrụ fasteners
A na-ejikarị emepụta bolts na mkpụrụ akụ dị elu, dị ka ihe ọkwa 10.9 gụnyere 30CrMo na 40Cr; Ngwa ọkwa 12.9 gụnyere: 35CrMo, 42CrMo, wdg.
30CrMo na-ejikarị emepụta bolts na studs n'okpuru nnukwu ibu; dị iche iche fasteners eji na elu okpomọkụ (n'okpuru 450 ℃) gburugburu dị ka uzuoku turbines na boilers; flanges na mkpụrụ na-eji na elu okpomọkụ (n'okpuru 500 ℃) nrụgide gburugburu;
40Cr dabara adaba maka imepụta ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi, atụdo, kposara mkpanaka, mkpụrụ, wdg;
35CrMo na-ejikarị emepụta ihe dị iche iche n'okpuru ibu dị elu, dị ka ihe nkedo maka ndị na-emepụta turbine; dị iche iche fasteners eji na elu okpomọkụ (n'okpuru 480 ℃) gburugburu dị ka boilers;
42CrMo dabara adaba maka nrụpụta ngwa ngwa chọrọ ike dị elu karịa 35CrMo.
N'iburu n'uche njirimara nke carbon ígwè na alloy steel, mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkwụnye ọkụ, enwere ike ịnye carbon ígwè dị mkpa na nhazi nke imezu ihe eji eme ihe; ọ bụrụ na nkọwapụta ndị ahụ buru ibu, ọdịdị ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya, na ike na nkenke chọrọ dị elu, ma ọ bụ ihe a chọrọ maka ike ọkụ na ihe omume ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche, mgbe ahụ, a ga-eji ígwè alloy mee ihe.
Mgbe ị gụsịrị nke a, ị nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti carbon steel na alloy steel?
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